1. Introduction: The Importance of Free-Trade Zones and Employment of Foreign Personnel
With the globalization of trade, free-trade zones have been established in Turkey to support economic development, providing various advantages to encourage both domestic and foreign investors. Free-trade zones are special areas created to increase Turkey's foreign trade, encourage foreign capital investment, and create employment opportunities, offering special customs regimes and certain tax advantages. These zones provide investors with benefits such as customs duty exemptions, low-cost production and storage facilities, while companies located in these zones can conduct international trade independently from the local market and carry out various production
I. Introduction
The viability of foreign-origin companies in Turkey transcends mere commercial operations. These entities must comprehensively comply with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles. The Turkish regulatory framework contains explicit provisions mandating large companies to fulfill specified environmental and social responsibilities. For foreign companies seeking to enter the Turkish market, implementing robust compliance measures is imperative—both to ensure adherence to local regulations and to mitigate potential legal, financial, and reputational risks.
II. Legal Assessment
A. Sustainability Obligations in International Law
Sustainability encompasses economic development that proceeds without environmental degradation or social harm. At the international level, sustainability frameworks have evolved through numerous instruments
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is one of the most important concepts in modern environmental law. Fundamentally, it means holding the producer responsible for the environmental impacts of a product throughout its lifecycle. This approach, unlike traditional waste management understanding, is a framework that holds producers responsible for the environmental impacts of their products throughout the product lifecycle, from design to disposal at the end of its useful life.
From a legal perspective, EPR policies have been adopted by an increasing number of countries and have mandated that producers take responsibility for the proper recycling and disposal of their products.
In the international
When examining the legal status of outputs produced by artificial intelligence in Türkiye, it is necessary to address the issue from two different perspectives: the license agreement of the artificial intelligence producing the content and the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works No. 5846 (“FSEK”).
The use of artificial intelligence (“AI”) is a novel issue from a legal standpoint, therefore, there are no established rules or practices in our law accordingly. FSEK is designed to protect works created by humans; how outputs produced by AI will be evaluated and protected within the existing legal framework remains uncertain.
In this context, the licenses
Commercial Books and Documents
Commercial books and documents are important tools used to record all financial transactions of a business, monitor its financial situation, and fulfill tax obligations. These records are also of great importance for evaluating the past and future financial performance of the business, informing investors, and serving as evidence in legal processes.
The Turkish Commercial Code (TCC) has imposed an obligation on all real and legal persons engaged in commercial activities to keep commercial books. Under this obligation, every merchant is required to record all transactions related to their commercial activities in books. The mentioned books and documents
